Associations between body mass index, metabolic parameters, and elevated pro-brain natriuretic peptide levels in asymptomatic patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus

Heart failure (HF) is a common yet under-recognised complication of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), often developing in the absence of overt cardiovascular disease. B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) is an established biomarker of myocardial stress and important in identifying subclinical cardiac dysfunction in high-risk populations. This study explored the associations between body mass index (BMI) and metabolic parameters, and elevated pro- BNP level in patients with T2DM without HF symptoms.