TitraGO: a structured gamification approach to enhance conceptual mastery in acid–base titration

Acid–base titration is a core topic in foundation and matriculation chemistry, yet many students struggle to connect conceptual understanding with quantitative problem-solving. Traditional drill-based approaches often fail to effectively address students’ misconceptions. This study introduces TitraGO, a structured gamification tool designed to reinforce key titration concepts through an interactive 5×5 BINGO-based format. The activity targets essential skills, including pH and pOH calculations, determination of �H3O+�and [OH-], titration curve analysis, and indicator selection. TitraGO utilises a set of reusable cards containing 25 answer squares arranged randomly, paired with a corresponding problem deck. Students solve structured problems and match their answers on the grid, promoting active recall and immediate formative assessment. A pilot study involving 33 pre-university students is conducted to evaluate its effectiveness through perception surveys and classroom observations. The findings indicate a strong positive response, with approximately 99% of students reporting increased engagement and improved understanding of titration concepts. Observations reveal that the competitive and time-sensitive nature of the activity encourages rapid problem-solving, sustained focus, and repeated practice within a short period. The randomized card structure introduces an element of chance, fostering a more inclusive environment where students of varying ability levels remain motivated to participate. In conclusion, TitraGO provides a scalable, low-cost, and pedagogically sound approach that enhances conceptual understanding and problem-solving proficiency, while supporting inclusive and student-centered learning in chemistry education.