Edudesk: an innovative educational activity table designed to improve cognitive function and adaptive behavior in students with intellectual disabilities.

This study presents EduDesk, a manipulative-based educational activity table designed to enhance cognitive function and adaptive behavior in students with intellectual disabilities. Students with intellectual disabilities often face challenges in attention, working memory, problem-solving, and daily adaptive skills, requiring structured and concrete learning approaches. Research shows that manipulative and game-based methods improve engagement, conceptual understanding, and task performance; however, integrated tools that combine cognitive and behavioral training remain limited. EduDesk was developed using a design and development approach adapted from the ADDIE model, focusing on the Analysis, Design, and Development phases. The analysis identified learner characteristics and gaps in existing media, the design established learning objectives and product specifications, and the development produced a prototype validated by experts for pedagogical feasibility, functionality, and safety. Based on empirical evidence supporting structured and interactive interventions, EduDesk integrates cognitive stimulation and adaptive skill training into a practical learning medium with strong potential for future implementation in inclusive and special education settings.