Functional groups’ characterization of oil from Baeckea frutescens using Attenuated Total Reflectance-Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR)

Soap is a fatty acid salt found in a variety of cleaning and lubricating products. Soaps are surfactants that are commonly used in the home for washing, bathing, and other household tasks. Palm oil is used in most bar soaps. Unfortunately, over time, palm oil may scarce as one of Malaysia’s natural resources. Thus, the goal of this study is to replace palm oil in soap production with wild herbs oil, specifically Baeckea frutescens, which is used in natural remedies to treat a variety of health conditions, such as fever and sunstroke. In this research, the oil from Baeckea frutescens was extracted for soap-making process (saponification). After that, the soap was analysed and characterized using Attenuated Total Reflectance-Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR). The ATRFTIR spectrum could validate the presence of antioxidant compounds such as phenolic acid and flavonoids, which could be beneficial to a health and beauty regimen. The soap was designed in the shape of a small ball to prevent bacteria from spreading through repeated use of the soap. This soap may have benefits for the skin, including antiinflammatory and antimicrobial properties. In addition, it may be effective in treating skin conditions such as eczema and acne. With its natural ingredients and therapeutic properties, Baeckea frutescens soap may become popular as a natural alternative to commercial soaps.