Relationship between social awareness and self-leadership capabilities: a survey of Indonesian librarians

This study explores how social awareness influences self-leadership—specifically self-goal setting and self-reward—among Indonesian librarians. Using a survey of 406 respondents, data were analyzed via PLS-SEM. Findings reveal that empathy, service orientation, developing others, and political awareness significantly enhance self-leadership. However, leveraging diversity showed no impact. These results highlight the importance of interpersonal and emotional competencies in shaping self-regulation. The study offers insights for organizational development, suggesting that enhancing social awareness fosters self-leadership in professional settings. Data were collected through validated online questionnaires using purposive and convenient sampling, contributing to understanding emotional intelligence in the workplace.