Knowledge, attitude, and practice of pre-pregnancy care (PPC) to women of childbearing age and factors associated with its delivery among primary care physicians (PCPS) in Klang Valley, Malaysia

Pre-pregnancy care (PPC) is a key strategy to improve maternal and neonatal outcomes by addressing health risks before conception. Despite national recommendations, PPC implementation in Malaysian primary care is inconsistent, often due to knowledge gaps and system-level barriers. This study aimed to (i) adapt and validate a knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) questionnaire for use among primary care physicians (PCPs) in Malaysia, (ii) assess their knowledge, attitudes, and practices related to PPC, and (iii) identify factors associated with the delivery of good PPC in Klang valley, Malaysia.