Strategic pathways for stakeholders in retrofitting existing buildings

This study explores the perception of stakeholders related to barriers in retrofitting existing buildings and proposed efficient strategies for supporting decision-making in retrofits. Although it is widely accepted that building retrofitting has the power to enhance energy efficiency and sustainability, retrofit activity in Malaysia is very much underutilized. Practical limits are restricting the implementation of retrofit activities and preventing national energy and environmental objectives from being met. The situational constraints consist of economic limits, technical constraints, regulatory constraints, and lack of education or knowledge from stakeholders. The complications associated with retrofitting buildings are further exacerbated by the lack of standard procedures and applicable reference guidelines, making it difficult for building owners and experts involved in retrofit projects to make decisions. Adopting building retrofitting programs in Malaysia is hampered by regulatory constraints such as the absence of clear and enforceable laws forcing energy efficiency standards for older buildings and the absence of financial incentives for retrofit projects. Therefore, as the initial step in addressing the barrier faced by stakeholders in retrofitting existing buildings. This study employed a quantitative research approach to examine stakeholders’ experiences with retrofitting. A total of 174 respondents were targeted, representing stakeholders directly involved in or affected by retrofitting activities. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire survey, which was distributed to capture stakeholders’ perceptions, experiences, and insights. The questionnaire served as the primary tool for data collection, ensuring consistency and comparability across responses, while enabling the systematic analysis of trends and patterns within the dataset. The originality of this study lies in its focus on stakeholders’ real-world experiences with retrofitting, an area often overlooked in favor of technical performance or cost analysis. The study adds value for stakeholders among building owners, tenants and practitioners by highlighting factors that influence decision-making in retrofitting projects. These insights can guide the development of more user-centered retrofitting strategies, improve project outcomes and foster wider adoption of sustainable building practices.