Detection of blackhole attack using AODV routing protocol in VANET

Vehicular ad-hoc network (VANET) is widely used in applications like highway automation, traffic management, and intelligent transportation systems due to its advantages over traditional communication systems. VANET enhances road safety by transmitting vehicle data to the Roadside Unit (RSU). However, VANET's decentralized architecture requires robust security measures to protect against attacks. Thus, this project is carried out to investigate and simulate a Blackhole attack using the Ad-hoc On-Demand Distance Vector (AODV) routing protocol in VANET and evaluate its impact using performance metrics. The metrics used are End-to-End Delay (EED), Packet Delivery Ratio (PDR), and throughput, simulated in NS-2. Two scenarios are examined: one compares performance with and without a Blackhole attack, while the other compares AODV and Destination Sequenced Distance Vector (DSDV) routing protocols. Results show that the Blackhole attack significantly affects the V ANET environment, causing a delay of 175.05 ms with increasing nodes. By studying these aspects, improved security measures and protocols can be developed to safeguard V ANET and ensure the reliability and safety of intelligent transportation systems.