Knowledge, attitudes and practices on indoor air quality in education institutions: a thematic review

A healthy environment is essential for effective and efficient learning, particularly for children who are susceptible to air pollution. Previous research indicates that indoor air quality (IAQ) in educational settings is often very poor, with IAQ parameters frequently exceeding guideline limits. This highlights the urgent need to investigate areas that can be improved to ensure healthier and more conducive learning environments. To address these issues, a thematic review was conducted to explore trends in IAQ research in Malaysia from 2011 to 2024. The study involved a systematic review of literature sourced from SCOPUS and Google Scholar. The analysis of 20 papers revealed key themes, including knowledge (awareness of pollutants), attitudes (perceptions of ventilation and health concerns), and practices (mitigation strategies). The review aimed to identify elements that could help educate teachers about IAQ, raise awareness, and foster practices that improve air quality in schools. The findings not only highlight areas for further research but also provide valuable insights that can guide the development of more effective interventions and policies to improve IAQ in educational institutions, ultimately supporting better health and academic outcomes. Furthermore, future research could focus on long-term effects of educational programs on students, teachers, and staff. Tracking changes in knowledge, attitudes, and practices over time could help assess the sustainability of these interventions and their lasting impact on IAQ.