Challenges and consideration in fire safety for heritage buildings: a literature review

Heritage building serve as significant historical and cultural landmarks, necessitating preservation while ensuring fire safety. Older buildings, antiquated fire safety techniques, and restrictions on structural integrity make fire safety a serious concern. In Malaysia, the risk of fire incidents is heightened due to inadequate fire safety management in many heritage buildings. The purpose of this research is to analyse the fire safety management put at heritage building in Malaysia. The study aims to accomplish objective, to determine the present condition of fire safety management in heritage buildings. A quantitative research approach was applied, consisting of a questionnaire. This strategy allows for a complete knowledge of the fire safety practices used and their efficiency in decreasing fire dangers. The findings show that, while some historic buildings have implemented fire safety measures, significant obstacles remain, including aged electrical systems, insufficient fire suppression technology, and limited access to emergency services. Compliance to fire safety requirements is sometimes variable owing to preservation issues. According to the research, a strong fire safety framework is essential for balancing historical conservation with fire protection. Its supporter for the incorporation of modern fire-resistant materials, the advancement of fire detection technologies, and the increase of fire safety education among relevant parties. The findings of this study emphasize the necessity for policymakers, building managers, and conservationists to work together in creating sustainable fire safety measures for heritage structures. Implementing efficient fire safety management will aid in the ongoing preservation of Penang’s cultural heritage.