Green transportation for a sustainable future: a conceptual insight on key influencing factors and environmental impact

Green transportation is becoming a key component in addressing climate change and promoting urban sustainability. This paper examines the essential factors for the successful implementation of green transport systems, including electric vehicles, hydrogen technology, and smart mobility. A Systematic Literature Review (SLR) was conducted using the PRISMA framework. Articles were retrieved from Scopus and Web of Science, focusing on publications from 2020 to 2025. Out of an initial retrieval of 115 articles, 29 were ultimately selected through a systematic, multi-phase screening process, which included the removal of duplicates and a thorough review of titles, abstracts, and full texts based on clearly defined inclusion criteria. Content analysis revealed four key factors influencing the effectiveness and acceptance of green transport: technological and infrastructure support, government policies and incentives, and social awareness and behaviour. Additionally, the study identified three main impacts of green transportation: reduction in carbon emissions, decreased air pollution, and improved energy efficiency. Future research in green transportation could explore how variables such as weather patterns and socio-acoustic manufacturing attitudes influence individuals’ choice of travel mode, as well as the long-term benefits experienced by different age groups who adopt green practices such as walking and cycling.