Influence of external focus feedback frequencies on dart throwing among young adults

This study investigates the impact of external focus feedback frequency on motor learning and retention within the context of dart-throwing. While directing a learner's attention toward movement outcomes—rather than internal mechanics—is known to enhance performance, the optimal delivery schedule remains debated. According to the guidance hypothesis, frequent feedback may foster dependency, whereas reduced frequencies (such as 50% or 33%) might better encourage self-regulation and long-term skill acquisition. By comparing 100%, 50%, and 33% feedback intervals, this research seeks to identify the most effective balance for improving both immediate accuracy and sustained performance in a precision-based motor task.