Mobile-Assisted Language Learning (MALL) for listening: perceptions and implementation challenges among ESL students.

Mobile-Assisted Language Learning (MALL) represents transformative changes in language education, extending language learning beyond traditional classroom settings into the use of authentic materials and context through the ubiquity of mobile technology. MALL offers significant potential in enhancing language learning, particularly for listening skills, through context-rich audio materials. Thus, Pocket Audio Learning Kit was developed in which presents an innovative, hybrid solution designed to enhance English as a Second Language (ESL) listening comprehension skills. This integrated system uniquely combines the flexibility and rich auditory input of a dedicated mobile application with the focused, tactile engagement of purpose-designed physical materials. A study was carried out to investigate the integration of the Pocket Audio Listening Kit in listening activities, contrasting them with legacy methods (CD-ROM/audio cassettes) to evaluate pedagogical effectiveness and user acceptance. Participants of this research are Form 6 students and English teachers in Johor Bahru. The participants were given Pocket Audio Learning Kits for them to test, and the data was collected using a questionnaire and open-ended survey that was distributed using an online application, which is Google Forms. The analysis of the data was done using the modified Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT) which was divided into six variables. The questionnaires also include questions that are related to challenges in using Mobile-Assisted Language Learning for listening skills. The study finds that based on the variables asked, the students and the teachers were on the same page. There was a positive perception towards Mobile-Assisted Language Learning for listening skills as both students and teachers found that learning using smartphones is useful, convenient, following trends, enjoyable, and could cultivate self-discipline for autonomous learning.