Looping system theory in land use and mental health during a pandemic outbreak

Land use has a profound effect on mental health even without a pandemic. However, it worsened during the pandemic because of non-readiness in land use planning for mental health and, the mitigation and prevention process during the pandemic by changes in travel behaviour, the need for green spaces, and other effects, especially in an area with high population and density especially in the urban area. The pandemic affects mental health and the physical aspects of the cities, including land use planning. The objective of this research is to identify the theoretical framework for looping system to be used in land use planning and mental health. This paper using scoping studies by synthesis the literature and exploratory of research questions to develop a theoretical framework. This study aims to adapt the looping system to understand the relationship between land use and mental health. The result of the study is a theoretical framework consisting of the components and factors in land use and governance in mitigating the pandemic outbreak and resulting in the land use and mental health impacts that affect the population. This study underlines the importance of land use and mental health during the pandemic, and a preparedness plan for future pandemics can be constructed based on the data from previous pandemics and analysed using the looping system as the process required multiple assessment.