Fiqh muqaran

Slide presentation for "Fiqh muqaran"

Issue 1: Samak and sertu
Issue 2: Istihalah and istihlak

In Islamic teachings, aspects of cleanliness and purification play an important role in the daily life of a Muslim. The two main concepts in the purification of impurity that are often discussed in fiqh are samak and sertu, In Islam, samak and sertu are two different purification processes in terms of their meaning, method, and purpose. Samak is the process of purifying the skin of animal carcasses (other than dogs and pigs) so that it can be used, using substances such as salt, lime or acid. It does not involve ground water. While sertu refers to the process of purifying mughallazah (heavy impurity), which is impurity that comes from dogs and pigs and all their descendants. According to the Syafi'i school of thought, the sertu process must be carried out with one wash using water mixed with pure earth, followed by six washes using absolute water. In short, samak is to purify the skin of animal carcasses while sertu is to purify something that has been touched by dog or pig feces. Both are part of the purification methods in Islam and each has an important role in maintaining cleanliness and purity in the daily lives of Muslims. In the field of Islamic jurisprudence (fiqh), especially in matters related to food, beverages, and daily-use products, the concepts of istihalah and istihlak are essential in determining the purity and lawfulness (halal status) of a substance. Istihalah refers to the complete transformation of a prohibited or impure substance into a new, pure form. for example, wine naturally turning into vinegar. Meanwhile, istihlak refers to the dissolution of a small amount of impurity into a very large volume of pure substance, to the extent that its original taste, color, and smell can no longer be detected. These concepts are widely applied in the modern food, cosmetic, and pharmaceutical industries, especially in addressing issues such as animal-derived ingredients, gelatin, alcohol based compounds, and DNA from impure sources.