Effect of reaction time on the ratio of palm oil based glucosides anomers

Development of technology nowadays introduced promising natural surfactants in term of an ecological factor by preventing the adverse environment impacts associated with the land and water use. This is because natural surfactants can easily biodegrade without any problem. Glucose is a subcategory of glycoside that has been studied extensively in this research. PKO based glucosides were synthesized using the glycosylation method. The synthesis method comprised three steps: peracetylation, glycosylation and deacetylation. PKO based glucosides were characterized by ¹ H NMR Spectroscopy. The reaction produced a mixture of α and β anomers which configurations differ at C1 carbon. Alkyl glucosides consist of glucose with aliphatic chains that vary by the PKO fatty acids compositions. Three types of anomeric mixture were produced from this synthesis such as α-dominant mixture, β-dominant mixture and equal mixture controlled by reaction time. The anomeric mixtures produced were not pure as pure component between α and β anomers. Therefore, purification step is required to separate the anomers using chromatography technique. Purification step consumes a lot of costs.