The impact and effectiveness of applying landscape architecture and agriculture conservation at Universiti Malaysia Sabah / Syahadan Patrict Sulaiman and Suriati Ahmad

This study shows that agriculture conservation and landscape architecture has been focused on soil health, landscape designs and the economics of production, however, this definition is now broadening to include ecology and education. The goal of sustainable landscape design and agricultural practices is to minimize the adverse effects of farming on surrounding ecosystems and instead strive for long-term stability of the entire agricultural enterprise, environmental protection, and consumer safety. Landscape architecture is the design of outdoor space to achieve environmental, social, and/or aesthetic outcomes. Though landscape architecture has traditionally leaned towards aesthetics and social interaction, since the mid-20th century the work of many landscape architects has shifted towards ecological sensitivity while maintaining existing aesthetic and sociological functions. Today, conservation agriculture and landscape architecture are becoming even more similar and face many of the same challenges. Although key differences remain, both fields emphasize ecology, economics, sociology, and aesthetics. Despite overlaps in design considerations and outcomes of intervention, the two field and those working within them, rarely collaborate.