Impact of outdoor education program on life effectiveness skills among secondary school participations / Noorul Hafiza Hamed

This study addressed four main purposes, which are: ( 1) to identify changes in life effectiveness skills after participating in outdoor education program; (2) to determine the difference in life effectiveness skills that influence by socio demographic variable of gender; (3) to determine which dimensions of life effectiveness skills that had greater impact towards participation in outdoor education programs; and (4) to examine the relationship between frequency of outdoor education experiences and involvement in outdoor education. This study utilized pre and post quasi experimental without control group design. The 29 items of Life Effectiveness Questionnaire (LEQ) was administered among 80 students aged from 13 to 17 years old. The primary finding of this study supported that outdoor education program is effective in improving participant's life effectiveness skills. This study indicated no significant differences recorded between socio demographic variable of gender after the camp (t ( 1, 79) = .215, p = .211 ). This study also highlighted that all factors in life effectiveness skills indicated significant improvement as a result of the 3 days camp. Active initiative was ranked as the most influential factor that contributed to life effectiveness improvement ( x = 4.863). There is statistically no significant relationship between frequency of outdoor education experiences and involvement in outdoor education (r (78) = 0.165, p > 0.05). Implications of the findings provide evidences on the effectiveness of outdoor education program on improving participant's life effectiveness skills. This study also addressed the importance of specific factors that need to consider before conducted an outdoor education program. The study also provides an empirical data for future study in this field.